Early Signs and Symptoms of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: What to Look For
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss in older adults. It affects the macula, which is the part of the retina responsible for central vision. Detecting early signs and symptoms is crucial for early treatment and better vision outcomes. Here’s what you need to know.
The Different Types of AMD
AMD affects central vision, making it harder to see fine details. In advanced stages, people with AMD can lose their ability to drive, see faces, and read smaller print. There are two primary types of AMD: dry and wet.
Dry AMD
Dry AMD accounts for the vast majority of AMD cases. Its exact cause is unknown, but experts believe both genetics and environmental factors play a role. Dry AMD occurs as the light-sensitive cells in the macula break down. This process is slow and gradual, resulting in progressive vision loss over a long period of time.
Wet AMD
While wet AMD is less common than dry AMD, it can lead to more significant vision loss. Wet AMD occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow beneath the retina and leak blood and fluid, creating a large blind spot in the center of the vision field.
AMD Symptoms and Risk Factors
Common AMD symptoms include blurry vision, difficulty recognizing familiar faces, and viewing straight lines as wavy. One of the most common early signs of AMD is the presence of drusen, which are tiny yellow deposits in the retina. Drusen can only be seen by a doctor during an eye exam. If you notice any of these symptoms or believe you may be at risk for AMD, it’s important to see a retina specialist as soon as possible.
Risk factors that contribute to AMD include:
- Age: Adults 50 or older are at a higher risk for AMD.
- Lifestyle factors: Smoking and high-fat diets may increase the risk of AMD.
- Health: High blood pressure or hypertension are also risk factors for AMD.
Treating AMD
There are several treatment options for AMD. One common option is an injection that blocks the growth of the molecule responsible for causing leaky blood vessels in wet AMD. Another treatment is laser surgery, which uses a hot laser to treat leaky blood vessels. A retina specialist can create a personalized treatment plan for your specific case.
Addressing Early Signs and Symptoms of AMD
Age-related macular degeneration is a serious eye condition that can lead to permanent vision loss. The sooner you see a retina specialist for AMD, the better your vision outcomes will be. For top-rated retina care in California, turn to the expert team at California Retina Consultants. For more information or to schedule an appointment, contact us today.